Peptide Database
265 therapeutic peptides with research summaries, clinical findings, and regulatory status.
BPC-157
A synthetic gastric pentadecapeptide derived from a protein found in human gastric juice. BPC-157 promotes angiogenesis and the expression of growth factors including VEGF, EGF, and NO-mediated pathways. It has demonstrated cytoprotective and wound-healing properties across multiple tissue types in preclinical models, including tendon, muscle, ligament, and gastrointestinal mucosa.
TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4)
Thymosin Beta-4 is a 43-amino acid actin-sequestering protein involved in cell migration, differentiation, and tissue repair. It promotes wound healing by upregulating cell-building proteins such as actin and laminin, facilitating cell migration to sites of injury. TB-500 also has anti-inflammatory properties mediated through NF-kB pathway modulation.
GHK-Cu
A naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine) found in human plasma, saliva, and urine. GHK-Cu activates tissue remodeling by stimulating collagen synthesis, glycosaminoglycan production, and angiogenesis while suppressing fibrinogen synthesis. It modulates the activity of matrix metalloproteinases and influences over 4,000 genes related to tissue repair.
DSIP (Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide)
A naturally occurring nonapeptide (Trp-Ala-Gly-Gly-Asp-Ala-Ser-Gly-Glu) originally isolated from cerebral venous blood of rabbits during induced sleep. DSIP modulates sleep architecture by promoting delta wave (slow-wave) sleep through interactions with the GABAergic system and hypothalamic sleep centers. It also exhibits stress-protective, analgesic, and neuromodulatory properties.
Pentosan Polysulfate (Elmiron)
A semi-synthetic sulfated polysaccharide derived from beechwood hemicellulose with structural similarities to glycosaminoglycans. Pentosan polysulfate replenishes the defective glycosaminoglycan layer of the bladder urothelium in interstitial cystitis, reducing urothelial permeability to irritants. It also exhibits anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and fibrinolytic properties through inhibition of complement activation and mast cell histamine release.
Pentadeca Arginate (PDA)
Pentadeca Arginate is a synthetic 15-arginine polypeptide designed to enhance cellular uptake and delivery of therapeutic molecules. The polyarginine structure confers cell-penetrating properties by interacting with negatively charged cell membrane components. It has been explored as a carrier for facilitating intracellular delivery of bioactive compounds and as a potential modulator of tissue repair processes.
Thymosin Beta-4 Fragment (TB4-Frag)
Thymosin Beta-4 Fragment refers to bioactive segments derived from the 43-amino acid thymosin beta-4 protein, most commonly a 7-amino acid N-terminal sequence (Ac-SDKP). These fragments retain specific biological activities of the parent peptide, including modulation of actin polymerization, angiogenesis, and inflammation. Shorter fragments may offer improved stability and targeted activity compared to full-length thymosin beta-4.
Cathelicidin LL-37 Fragments
Cathelicidin LL-37 fragments are truncated sequences derived from the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37, which is a 37-amino acid cleavage product of the cathelicidin precursor hCAP18. These fragments retain antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and wound healing properties while potentially offering improved stability or reduced cytotoxicity. Specific fragments have been designed to preserve angiogenic and chemotactic activities relevant to tissue repair.
FGL Peptide
FGL peptide is a 15-amino acid synthetic sequence derived from the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) that mimics the fibronectin-like domain. It promotes neurite outgrowth and synaptic plasticity by engaging NCAM and fibroblast growth factor receptors without requiring direct cell-cell adhesion. The peptide has been investigated for neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing properties in models of neurological injury and disease.
GHK (Glycyl-Histidyl-Lysine)
GHK is a naturally occurring tripeptide with high affinity for copper ions, forming the GHK-Cu complex. It is present in human plasma, saliva, and urine at concentrations that decline with age. The peptide modulates extracellular matrix remodeling, metalloproteinase activity, and growth factor signaling, contributing to wound healing and tissue repair processes.
Matrikine Peptides
Matrikine peptides are bioactive fragments released from extracellular matrix proteins during tissue remodeling or injury. These sequences, derived from collagen, elastin, fibronectin, and laminin, regulate cellular processes including migration, proliferation, and differentiation by binding to cell surface receptors. Matrikines serve as endogenous signals coordinating wound healing and tissue homeostasis.
AHK-Cu (Copper Tripeptide-3)
AHK-Cu is a synthetic copper-binding tripeptide consisting of alanine-histidine-lysine complexed with copper ions. It shares structural and functional similarities with GHK-Cu but contains alanine in place of glycine at the N-terminus. The peptide is proposed to promote collagen production, angiogenesis, and antioxidant defenses in skin and other tissues.
Body Protection Compound (BPC) Variants
BPC variants are synthetic peptide sequences related to a pentadecapeptide derived from human gastric juice, commonly designated BPC-157. These peptides are proposed to exhibit gastroprotective, angiogenic, and tissue repair properties through mechanisms that may involve nitric oxide pathways, growth factor modulation, and VEGF receptor interactions. The exact structure-activity relationships and receptor targets remain incompletely defined.
Collagen Tripeptide F (CTP-F)
Collagen Tripeptide F is a synthetic tripeptide designed to mimic fragments of native collagen that appear during tissue remodeling. It is hypothesized to bind to fibroblast surface receptors and promote extracellular matrix deposition, thereby accelerating wound healing and connective tissue repair. The tripeptide structure is intended to enhance bioavailability compared to larger collagen molecules.
Sinapultide (KL4 Surfactant)
Sinapultide is a synthetic 21-amino acid peptide that mimics the structure and function of surfactant protein B, a critical component of pulmonary surfactant. When combined with phospholipids, sinapultide forms a surface-active complex that reduces alveolar surface tension, improving gas exchange and lung compliance. It has been investigated primarily for treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome and neonatal respiratory distress.
Chrysalin (TP508)
Chrysalin, also known as TP508, is a 23-amino acid synthetic peptide derived from the receptor-binding domain of human thrombin. It is designed to activate non-proteolytic thrombin receptors on endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts, thereby promoting angiogenesis, granulation tissue formation, and bone repair. The peptide retains thrombin's tissue repair signaling properties without procoagulant activity.
Nexagon (Gap Junction Peptide)
Nexagon is a synthetic peptide designed to transiently modulate gap junction intercellular communication by mimicking a segment of the connexin protein family. The mechanism involves temporary inhibition of connexin43-mediated channels during the early inflammatory phase of wound healing, which may reduce inflammatory cell infiltration and subsequent scar formation. This approach aims to shift the healing process toward regeneration rather than fibrosis.
OP-1 / BMP-7
OP-1, or osteogenic protein-1, is the recombinant form of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7), a member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. This homodimeric protein induces differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts and chondrocytes, stimulating new bone formation. It was developed primarily for spinal fusion procedures and long bone non-unions where autologous bone graft is not feasible.
Dalargin
Dalargin is a synthetic hexapeptide analog of leucine-enkephalin with enhanced metabolic stability due to D-amino acid substitutions. It acts as a selective delta opioid receptor agonist with peripheral and central effects, including modulation of stress responses, anti-inflammatory activity, and cytoprotection in gastrointestinal and vascular tissues. Unlike classical opioids, dalargin exhibits reduced central analgesic potency but pronounced tissue-protective properties.