Semaglutide (Ozempic/Wegovy)
Overview
A glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) with 94% amino acid homology to native GLP-1. Semaglutide enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon, delays gastric emptying, and acts on hypothalamic GLP-1 receptors to reduce appetite. Its fatty acid side chain enables albumin binding, extending its half-life to approximately 7 days.
Key Research Findings
STEP trials demonstrated ~15% mean body weight reduction. SELECT trial (2023) showed 20% reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events in overweight/obese adults without diabetes. FDA-approved for type 2 diabetes (Ozempic) and chronic weight management (Wegovy).
Subcutaneous injection (weekly), Oral (daily - Rybelsus)
FDA Approved
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