CognitiveIn Clinical Trials

Intranasal Insulin

Overview

Intranasal insulin involves the administration of regular human insulin via nasal spray to target central nervous system insulin receptors without causing systemic hypoglycemia. Insulin signaling in the brain is implicated in synaptic plasticity, glucose metabolism, and amyloid clearance, providing a rationale for cognitive enhancement in insulin-resistant states and Alzheimer disease. Intranasal delivery bypasses the blood-brain barrier via olfactory and trigeminal nerve pathways.

Key Research Findings

Multiple phase II trials have evaluated intranasal insulin in mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer disease, with some studies reporting modest improvements in memory and executive function. A large multicenter trial is ongoing, and prior smaller studies have been published in journals including Neurology and the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease over the past decade.

Route of Administration

Intranasal

Regulatory Status

In Clinical Trials

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