Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA)
Overview
An endogenous fatty acid amide belonging to the N-acylethanolamine family, naturally produced by cells in response to tissue damage and inflammation. PEA acts primarily through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-alpha), downregulating mast cell activation and pro-inflammatory mediator release. It also modulates the endocannabinoid system via the entourage effect, enhancing anandamide activity at CB1/CB2 receptors and TRPV1 channels without directly binding cannabinoid receptors.
Key Research Findings
Meta-analysis of 12 clinical trials (>1,600 patients) demonstrated significant analgesic efficacy in chronic pain conditions including sciatic pain, neuropathy, and pelvic pain (Paladini et al., Pain Ther, 2016). Studied extensively for its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties with a favorable safety profile. Available as a nutraceutical/food supplement in many countries. Not FDA-approved as a drug but classified as GRAS.
Oral
Research Phase
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